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country struggling with many issues at the same time. This trauma is further enhanced and elongated for the countries, consistently struggling with economic crisis. The economic state of the country not only limits the recovery of affected families but also limits disaster management resources provided by the government
It is a universal principal that when an asset is shared among states, the relevant management and protection of the said asset is also a shared responsibility. Climate, as a global common good, must be safeguarded for the survival of life, with greater responsibility resting on states that are major contributors to carbon emissions. It is highly inequitable that the utilization of the carbon budget is majorly by the developed countries but when the time of disasters arrives, the responsibility of managing these disasters remains to a single vulnerable state.
At national scale, the country has undertaken several significant measures, the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) had been established in 2007 under the National Disaster Management Ordinance. Several very important responsibilities have been carried out by the NDMA which include preparing national policies and plans for disaster risks, collaborating with international organizations in Human Crisis, awareness in communities about climate disasters etc. The practicality of these policies is still a big question since the outcome has not been as impactful as anticipated. The most recent example of this is the flood of June, 2025 which affected 6.9 million People.
Climate Justice places double responsibility on the high carbon emitting states, a global focus should be on tree plantation in order to form a Carbon Neutral Environment. Transition toward renewable energy sources, instead of continued reliance on fossil fuels, is another practical and effective solution on which considerable progress has already been made.
As discussed earlier the developing countries have weak infrastructure in context of resilience against Climate Crisis, so developed nations should contribute their share in climate mitigation through Climate Financing. There is another pragmatic and effective solution which is the transfer of technology related to modern irrigation methods, heat and flood-resistant construction design, improvements of early warning systems and renewable energy methods to the Pakistan for managing more efficiently through these crises.
In this context, international conferences on awareness of shared responsibility of climate crisis should be conducted by United Nations to educate the international community with emphasis on actionable measures to support Pakistan. The Government of Pakistan should highlight at every platform the fact of vulnerability to climate crisis. Ministry of Climate Change and Environmental Coordination should be consistently engaged with UNFCCC for sharing the current situation of Pakistan’s Climate to secure justice in case of any disaster.
There are several other important international organizations, such as the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme), and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), sustained and consistent engagement with these bodies can help Pakistan better understand its climate vulnerabilities and strengthen its capacity for informed
policymaking and effective climate action. International media has the capacity to effectively highlight climate injustice, therefore digital media discussions, seminars, and debates should be organized on awareness of Pakistan’s right to climate justice.
Pakistan, as a responsible member of the international community, must demonstrate its commitment by accelerating the transition to renewable energy, expanding solar and wind capacity, and gradually moving away from its reliance on fossil fuels. Alongside this, the conservation and restoration of forests, wetlands, and natural ecosystems must be treated not as an environmental luxury but as a national priority, given their essential role in absorbing carbon emissions.
At the regional level, it is in the collective interest of South and Central Asian nations to build cooperative frameworks for clean energy sharing, sustainable water management, and coordinated disaster preparedness, recognising that environmental challenges of this magnitude can only be addressed through mutual respect and shared responsibility. The international
community has, on multiple occasions, reaffirmed its commitment to collective climate action.
The Paris Agreement represents a landmark consensus to limit global temperature rise to 1.5°C, the Kyoto Protocol of December 11, 1997, established the important principle that historically greater emitters carry a proportionally greater burden of responsibility.
The Nationally Determined Contributions framework under the UNFCCC provides every nation a structured and transparent path toward meaningful climate targets. However, agreements on paper must be matched by action on the ground. Pakistan, which contributes less than one percent of global emissions yet bears a disproportionate cost through devastating floods, glacial retreat, and extreme heat, deserves better than unfulfilled pledges. The moment calls not for further deliberation, but for principled, decisive, and equitable action
by all parties
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